Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alkyl Halides

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alkyl Halides

Previous problemNext problem

4: minutes

Problem 2g,h

Textbook Question

Give the structures of the following compounds.
g. cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane
h. tert-butyl chloride

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the naming conventions for the given compounds. For cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane, 'cis' indicates that the substituents are on the same side of the cyclohexane ring. For tert-butyl chloride, 'tert-butyl' refers to a tertiary butyl group, which is a carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups and one chlorine atom.

Step 2: For cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane, start by drawing a cyclohexane ring. Label one carbon as position 1 and attach a fluorine atom to it. Then, label another carbon as position 3 and attach a fluoromethyl group (-CH₂F) to it. Ensure both substituents are on the same side of the ring to satisfy the 'cis' configuration.

Step 3: For tert-butyl chloride, begin by drawing a central carbon atom. Attach three methyl groups (-CH₃) to this central carbon to form the tert-butyl structure. Then, attach a chlorine atom to the central carbon to complete the molecule.

Step 4: Verify the stereochemistry for cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane. Ensure that both substituents (fluorine and fluoromethyl) are either both pointing up or both pointing down relative to the plane of the cyclohexane ring. This confirms the 'cis' configuration.

Step 5: Double-check the connectivity and bonding in both structures. Ensure that all atoms have the correct number of bonds (carbon with four bonds, hydrogen with one bond, etc.) and that the structures match the IUPAC names provided in the problem.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cis-Trans Isomerism

Cis-trans isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where the spatial arrangement of substituents around a double bond or a ring structure differs. In the case of cis isomers, similar groups are on the same side, while in trans isomers, they are on opposite sides. Understanding this concept is crucial for accurately drawing the structure of compounds like cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They can exhibit various conformations due to the flexibility of the carbon-carbon bonds. Recognizing the properties and typical structures of cycloalkanes is essential for constructing the correct molecular representation of compounds such as cis-1-fluoro-3-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexane.

Alkyl Halides

Alkyl halides are organic compounds derived from alkanes that contain one or more halogen atoms (like chlorine, bromine, or fluorine) attached to a carbon atom. Tert-butyl chloride, for example, is a tertiary alkyl halide where the halogen is bonded to a carbon that is connected to three other carbon atoms. Understanding the structure and reactivity of alkyl halides is key to drawing and analyzing compounds like tert-butyl chloride.