Textbook Question
Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds.
(c) (CH3)2C=CHCOOH
(d)
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS
Naming Carboxylic Acids
2:57 minutesProblem 49b
Textbook Question
The following carboxylic acids were named incorrectly. Provide the correct name.
(b) 6-bromocyclohexane carboxylic acid
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the structure of the compound: The name '6-bromocyclohexane carboxylic acid' suggests a cyclohexane ring with a bromine substituent and a carboxylic acid group.
Understand the numbering of the cyclohexane ring: In cyclohexane, the numbering starts from the carbon attached to the functional group, which is the carboxylic acid group in this case.
Locate the substituent: The bromine substituent should be correctly numbered based on its position relative to the carboxylic acid group. Since cyclohexane is a ring, the numbering should start from the carbon attached to the carboxylic acid group.
Correct the numbering: Ensure that the bromine is at the lowest possible number. In a cyclohexane ring, the carboxylic acid group is at position 1, so the bromine should be numbered accordingly.
Provide the correct name: Based on the correct numbering, the name should reflect the position of the bromine substituent relative to the carboxylic acid group, ensuring the lowest possible number for the substituent.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature is a standardized method for naming chemical compounds. It ensures that each compound has a unique and universally accepted name. For carboxylic acids, the name is derived from the longest carbon chain containing the carboxyl group, with the suffix '-oic acid' added. Substituents are named and numbered according to their position on the chain.
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Cycloalkane Naming
Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in a ring. When naming cycloalkanes, the prefix 'cyclo-' is added to the alkane name corresponding to the number of carbon atoms in the ring. Substituents on the ring are named and numbered to give the lowest possible numbers, and the carboxyl group takes priority in numbering.
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Functional Group Priority
In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that determine the chemical properties of those molecules. The carboxyl group (-COOH) is one of the highest priority functional groups. When naming compounds, the carboxyl group is given the highest priority, influencing the numbering of the carbon chain and the naming of the compound.
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