Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Carboxylic Acids

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Carboxylic Acids

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11:57 minutes

Problem 2d,e,f

Textbook Question

Name the following carboxylic acids (when possible, give both a common name and a systematic name).
(d)
(e)
(f)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the first structure (d). It is a cyclohexane ring with two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) attached to adjacent carbons. The stereochemistry is indicated with wedge and dash bonds, showing that the carboxylic acids are cis to each other. The systematic name will be based on the parent cyclohexane ring and the positions of the carboxylic acids. The common name can be derived from the cis configuration of the dicarboxylic acid.

Step 2: Analyze the second structure (e). It is a benzene ring with two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) attached at the 1 and 2 positions (ortho configuration) and a chlorine atom attached at the 3 position. The systematic name will involve numbering the substituents on the benzene ring, prioritizing the carboxylic acids. The common name can be derived from the ortho configuration of the dicarboxylic acid and the presence of chlorine.

Step 3: Analyze the third structure (f). It is a cyclohexane ring with two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) attached at adjacent carbons and a methyl group (-CH3) attached to a third carbon. The systematic name will involve numbering the substituents on the cyclohexane ring, prioritizing the carboxylic acids and then the methyl group. The common name can be derived from the configuration of the dicarboxylic acid and the presence of the methyl group.

Step 4: For each structure, determine the systematic name by identifying the parent chain or ring, numbering the substituents according to IUPAC rules, and specifying stereochemistry if applicable. For example, in structure (d), the systematic name will include 'cyclohexane' and 'dicarboxylic acid' with stereochemical descriptors.

Step 5: For each structure, determine the common name by considering traditional naming conventions for carboxylic acids and their derivatives. For example, in structure (e), the common name will reflect the ortho configuration of the dicarboxylic acid and the chlorine substituent.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic acids are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group (-COOH). This functional group consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). Carboxylic acids are known for their acidic properties and are commonly found in various biological and industrial processes.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The nomenclature of organic compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). For carboxylic acids, the systematic name is derived from the longest carbon chain containing the carboxyl group, with the suffix '-oic acid' added. Common names may also be used, often based on historical or traditional naming conventions.

Structural Representation

Structural representation of organic compounds, including carboxylic acids, is crucial for understanding their chemical properties and reactivity. This includes knowing how to interpret molecular structures, such as line-angle formulas or condensed formulas, which depict the arrangement of atoms and functional groups within the molecule. Accurate representation aids in identifying the compound and predicting its behavior in chemical reactions.

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