Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

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1:48 minutes

Problem 8c

Textbook Question

Draw the structures of the following compounds.
c. 3,3-diethyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)octane

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent chain: The parent chain is 'octane', which means it has 8 carbon atoms in a continuous chain.

Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain: Start numbering from the end closest to the first substituent to ensure the lowest possible numbers for the substituents.

Locate and attach the substituents: At carbon 3, attach two ethyl groups (3,3-diethyl). At carbon 4, attach a 2,2-dimethylpropyl group.

Draw the substituents: An ethyl group is -CH2CH3, and a 2,2-dimethylpropyl group is a three-carbon chain with two methyl groups attached to the second carbon.

Combine the structure: Ensure all substituents are correctly attached to the main chain, and verify that the total number of carbon atoms matches the name of the compound.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a standardized way to name compounds based on their structure, ensuring that each name is unique and descriptive. Understanding IUPAC rules is essential for interpreting and drawing chemical structures from names.

Alkane Structure

Alkanes are hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms, forming a saturated chain. The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2. Understanding the structure of alkanes, including straight chains and branched chains, is crucial for drawing and identifying compounds like octane, which is a straight-chain alkane with eight carbon atoms.

Substituents in Organic Chemistry

Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. They are named and positioned according to their location on the main carbon chain. In the given compound, '3,3-diethyl' and '4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)' are substituents that modify the octane chain, and understanding their placement is key to drawing the correct structure.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Name the following alkanes and haloalkanes. When two or more substituents are present, list them in alphabetical order.

(c)

(d)

Textbook Question

The following names are all incorrect or incomplete, but they represent real structures. Draw each structure and name it correctly.

e. 2-cyclohexylbutane

f. 2,3-diethylcyclopentane

Textbook Question

The following names are all incorrect or incomplete, but they represent real structures. Draw each structure and name it correctly.

c. 5-chloro-4-methylhexane

d. 2-dimethylbutane

Textbook Question

All of the following names are incorrect or incomplete. In each case, draw the structure (or a possible structure) and name it correctly.

d. 4-isobutylheptane

e. 2-bromo-3-ethylbutane

f. 2,3-diethyl-5-isopropylheptane

Textbook Question

Draw the structures of the following compounds.

b. 5-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)nonane

Textbook Question

Provide IUPAC names for the following compounds.

(d)

(e)

(f)

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

h. 5-ethyl-2-methylhexane

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

g. 3,3-dichlorooctane

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Draw the structures of the following compounds. c. 3,3-diethyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)octane

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

Alkane Structure

Substituents in Organic Chemistry

Watch next

Draw the structures of the following compounds.
c. 3,3-diethyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)octane