Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Previous problemNext problem

9:32 minutes

Problem 67g

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
g. 3,3-dichlorooctane

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the parent chain. The parent chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, the parent chain is 'octane,' which consists of 8 carbon atoms.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain. Start numbering from the end of the chain that gives the substituents the lowest possible numbers. For this compound, the substituents are two chlorine atoms.

Step 3: Locate the positions of the substituents. The two chlorine atoms are attached to the third carbon atom in the chain. This is correctly indicated in the name '3,3-dichlorooctane.'

Step 4: Verify the substituent prefixes and their positions. The prefix 'di-' is used to indicate two chlorine atoms, and their positions (3,3) are correctly specified. The name also includes the parent chain 'octane,' which is correct.

Step 5: Conclude that the name '3,3-dichlorooctane' is correct. No corrections are needed for this compound.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming compounds and identifying their structures.

Substituents and Their Position

In organic chemistry, substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. The position of these substituents is indicated by numbers in the compound's name, which correspond to the carbon atoms in the chain. Correctly identifying and numbering the substituents is crucial for accurate nomenclature.

Alkane Structure and Isomerism

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms, following the general formula CnH2n+2. Understanding the structure of alkanes, including branching and isomerism, is important for naming compounds correctly. Isomers can have different physical and chemical properties, making accurate naming vital for clear communication in chemistry.

Watch next

Master The different parts of an IUPAC name with a bite sized video explanation from Johnny

Start learning