Give the IUPAC names of the following alkanes. (a) CH 3 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 (b)

All right. Hi, everyone. So first question, let's determine the given name or rather the name for the given arcane using the Iupac nomenclature system, right? So, recall that when we're talking about Iupac nomenclature, our first step should always be to figure out the parent chain of the molecule. In question, the parent chain of course, refers to the longest continuous chain of carbons that you have in your molecule. And what you'll notice in this molecule is that the longest continuous chain of carbons has nine carbons when you go straight across, right? So I'm going to go ahead and number my nine carbons. And here you have to be very careful from where you start numbering your carbon chain, right? Because recall that you want your substituent to have the smallest number possible. And as such, I started numbering from the left because then my two substituent here would have the smallest number possible. So the fact that I have nine carbons indicates that my parent chain is called non and from here, right, I can go ahead and figure out if I have any substituent what my substituent are and where they're located. Now notice how here I have two substituent, right? My first one on carbon four is a two carbon chain which indicates that this is an E O group and carbon five or rather position five has another substituent, but it's a little bit different because notice how we have a two carbon chain, right? But that carbon chain has yet another substituent. So here we're going to kind of treat this as its own mini iupac name, right? Because here, separate from the parent chain are two additional carbons, which I'm going to label in blue here with one being the carbon directly attached to the parent chain. Now, on position one is an additional methyl substituent, right? Because we have a one carbon substituent. So therefore, on position five, the name of my substituent is known as a one methyl EHO group and that name actually has to go in parentheses. So now I can go ahead and put all my information together and I have to do so in alphabetical order, right? So my E O group would go first. So here I'm writing four dash F O and then I'm going to separate my substituent by writing another dash before my ethel. So now I'm going to write five dash and then my one meth eo in parentheses, followed by my parent chain, which is Nonie. So this is my final answer, right? The complete Iupac name is four dash F 0-5 dash open parentheses, one met E O closed parentheses, no name. And I know it's a lot, but hopefully by taking things step by step, these kinds of questions get a little bit easier to approach. So with that being said, thank you so much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

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1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

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Problem 39a,b

Textbook Question

Give the IUPAC names of the following alkanes.
(a) CH₃C(CH₃)₂CH(CH₂CH₃)CH₂CH₂CH(CH₃)₂
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule. This will determine the base name of the alkane. Count the number of carbon atoms in this chain.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the longest chain starting from the end nearest to the first branch point. This ensures the lowest possible numbers for substituents.

Step 3: Identify and name the substituents (branches) attached to the main chain. These are typically alkyl groups such as methyl (CH₃) or ethyl (C₂H₅).

Step 4: Assign a number to each substituent based on the carbon atom it is attached to in the main chain. Use these numbers to indicate the position of each substituent.

Step 5: Combine the names of the substituents with the base name of the alkane, using the numbers to indicate their positions. Arrange substituents alphabetically and use prefixes like di-, tri- if there are multiple identical substituents.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering the chain to give substituents the lowest possible numbers, and naming substituents as prefixes. This ensures consistency and clarity in chemical communication.

Alkane Structure

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting entirely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms, with the general formula CnH2n+2. Understanding the structure of alkanes is crucial for naming them, as it involves recognizing the main carbon chain and any branching substituents. Alkanes are named based on the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain.

Substituent Identification

Substituents are groups of atoms attached to the main carbon chain in an organic molecule. Identifying and naming substituents correctly is essential for IUPAC nomenclature. Common substituents include alkyl groups like methyl (CH3-) and ethyl (C2H5-), which are named and numbered based on their position on the main chain to ensure accurate chemical identification.

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