Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

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5:21 minutes

Problem 2i

Textbook Question

Name the following:
i.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the parent structure. The molecule contains a six-membered ring with one oxygen atom incorporated into the ring, making it a cyclic ester (lactone). This indicates the parent structure is a δ-lactone.

Step 2: Determine the substituents. The ring has two substituents: a methyl group (-CH3) attached to one of the carbons in the ring and an ethyl group (-CH2CH3) attached to another carbon in the ring.

Step 3: Assign locants to the substituents. Number the ring starting from the carbonyl carbon (C=O) as position 1, and proceed around the ring to assign the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. The methyl group is at position 4, and the ethyl group is at position 6.

Step 4: Combine the substituents and parent name. The name will include the locants and names of the substituents followed by the parent lactone name. The substituents are listed alphabetically (ethyl before methyl).

Step 5: Finalize the name. The systematic name of the compound will be based on the IUPAC rules for naming lactones and cyclic esters, ensuring proper placement of locants and substituents.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ester Functional Group

Esters are organic compounds formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, characterized by the functional group -COO-. They typically have pleasant fruity odors and are commonly found in natural and synthetic substances. Understanding the structure of esters is crucial for naming them correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming organic compounds. For esters, the name is derived from the alcohol and the carboxylic acid used in their formation, with the alkyl group from the alcohol named first, followed by the acid name modified to end in '-ate'.

Structural Representation

Understanding structural representations, such as Lewis structures or condensed formulas, is essential in organic chemistry. They provide insight into the connectivity of atoms within a molecule, which is vital for identifying functional groups and determining the compound's name and properties.

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