Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

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2:07 minutes

Problem 43e,f

Textbook Question

Give appropriate names for the following compounds:
(e)
(f)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the structure of compound (e). The compound contains a phenyl group (Ph), an oxygen atom bonded to a carbonyl group (C=O), and a methyl group (CH₃). This structure corresponds to an ester functional group.

Step 2: For naming esters, the alkyl group attached to the oxygen atom is named first (in this case, 'methyl'), followed by the name of the acid-derived part. The acid-derived part is based on the phenyl group and the carbonyl group, which corresponds to benzoic acid. Replace 'acid' with 'ate' to form 'benzoate'.

Step 3: Combine the names to form the name of compound (e). The name is 'methyl benzoate'.

Step 4: Analyze the structure of compound (f). The compound contains a phenyl group (Ph) directly bonded to a carbonyl group (C=O), and an oxygen atom bonded to a methyl group (CH₃). This structure corresponds to an ester functional group as well.

Step 5: For naming compound (f), the alkyl group attached to the oxygen atom is named first (in this case, 'methyl'), followed by the name of the acid-derived part. The acid-derived part is based on the phenyl group and the carbonyl group, which corresponds to benzoyl. Combine the names to form 'methyl benzoate'.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ester Functional Group

An ester is a functional group characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) adjacent to an ether group (R-O-R'). Esters are typically formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, and they are known for their pleasant fragrances. Understanding the structure of esters is crucial for naming them correctly, as the naming convention involves identifying the alkyl group from the alcohol and the acyl group from the acid.

IUPAC Naming Conventions

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides systematic rules for naming chemical compounds. For esters, the name is derived from the alcohol and the carboxylic acid used in their formation. The alkyl part of the ester is named first, followed by the name of the acid with the suffix '-ate' replacing '-ic acid'. Familiarity with these conventions is essential for accurately naming organic compounds.

Substituents and Their Effects

In organic chemistry, substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon. The presence of different substituents can significantly influence the properties and reactivity of a compound. For esters, substituents such as phenyl or methoxy groups can affect the naming and the overall structure, making it important to identify and consider these groups when determining the compound's name.

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