Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Esters

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4:18 minutes

Problem 48c

Textbook Question

Draw a structure for each of the following:
c. a β-keto ester

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the term 'β-keto ester': A β-keto ester is a compound that contains both a ketone (C=O) and an ester (RCOOR') functional group, with the ketone located at the β-position relative to the ester group. This means the ketone is two carbons away from the ester group.

Start by drawing the ester functional group: The ester group consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to an oxygen atom, which is further bonded to an alkyl group (R'). Represent this as RCOOR'.

Add the β-keto group: To place the ketone at the β-position, count two carbons away from the carbonyl carbon of the ester group. Attach a ketone (C=O) to the β-carbon.

Complete the structure: Add any necessary hydrogen atoms to ensure that all carbons have four bonds. You can also add alkyl groups (R and R') to the ester and ketone groups to make the structure more specific, if required.

Double-check the structure: Verify that the ketone is at the β-position relative to the ester group and that the molecule satisfies the valency rules for all atoms.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

b-keto Ester

A b-keto ester is a compound that contains both a ketone and an ester functional group. The 'b' indicates that the keto group is located on the beta carbon relative to the ester group. This structure is significant in organic synthesis, particularly in reactions like the Claisen condensation, where it can serve as a precursor to various complex molecules.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of a b-keto ester, the ketone (C=O) and ester (RCOOR') groups dictate the reactivity and properties of the compound. Understanding these functional groups is essential for predicting how the molecule will behave in chemical reactions.

Structural Representation

Structural representation in organic chemistry involves drawing the molecular structure of a compound to illustrate its connectivity and geometry. For a b-keto ester, this includes accurately depicting the carbon backbone, the placement of the ketone and ester groups, and any substituents. Mastery of structural representation is crucial for visualizing and understanding the compound's reactivity and interactions.

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