Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

Organic Chemistry

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

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4:23 minutes

Problem 43g,h,i

Textbook Question

Name the following:
g.
h.
i.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the first structure. It consists of a benzene ring with two substituents: a methyl group (CH₃) and a bromine atom (Br). Determine the positions of the substituents on the benzene ring and assign the lowest possible locants following IUPAC nomenclature rules.

Step 2: For the second structure, observe that it contains a benzene ring with a methyl group (CH₃) attached, and the benzene ring is connected to a cyclohexane ring. Identify the parent chain and name the substituents accordingly.

Step 3: Examine the third structure. It consists of a benzene ring with three substituents: an ethyl group (CH₂CH₃), a chlorine atom (Cl), and an amino group (NH₂). Assign the lowest possible locants to the substituents, prioritizing functional groups like NH₂ according to IUPAC rules.

Step 4: For each structure, combine the substituent names with the parent chain name (benzene) and include locants to indicate the positions of the substituents. Ensure the names are in alphabetical order for substituents.

Step 5: Verify the names for accuracy and consistency with IUPAC nomenclature rules, ensuring that the substituents and their positions are correctly represented in the final name.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry

Nomenclature refers to the systematic naming of organic compounds based on established rules. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides guidelines for naming compounds, which include identifying the longest carbon chain, determining functional groups, and applying prefixes and suffixes to indicate structure and substituents.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Common functional groups include hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino (-NH2) groups. Recognizing these groups is essential for predicting the behavior and reactivity of organic compounds.

Structural Representation

Structural representation involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, which can be shown through various formats such as Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. Understanding these representations is crucial for visualizing molecular geometry, bonding, and the overall structure of organic compounds, aiding in their identification and naming.

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