Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

Organic Chemistry

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

Previous problemNext problem

2:07 minutes

Problem 42g,h,i

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:
g. toluene
h. tert-butylbenzene
i. benzyl chloride

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the problem. You are tasked with drawing the structures of three organic compounds: toluene, tert-butylbenzene, and benzyl chloride. Each of these compounds is derived from benzene, a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds.

Step 2: Draw the structure of toluene. Toluene is a benzene ring with a single methyl group (-CH₃) attached to one of the carbons on the ring. Represent the benzene ring as a hexagon with alternating double bonds, and attach the methyl group to one of the carbons.

Step 3: Draw the structure of tert-butylbenzene. Tert-butylbenzene is a benzene ring with a tert-butyl group attached. A tert-butyl group is a carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups (-C(CH₃)₃). Attach this bulky group to one of the carbons on the benzene ring.

Step 4: Draw the structure of benzyl chloride. Benzyl chloride is a benzene ring with a -CH₂Cl group attached. The -CH₂Cl group consists of a methylene group (-CH₂-) bonded to a chlorine atom. Attach this group to one of the carbons on the benzene ring.

Step 5: Verify your structures. Ensure that each structure adheres to the rules of valency and that the substituents are correctly attached to the benzene ring. Double-check the placement of the functional groups and confirm that the aromaticity of the benzene ring is preserved in all cases.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic compounds are a class of cyclic compounds that follow Huckel's rule, which states that they must have a planar structure with a specific number of pi electrons (4n + 2, where n is a non-negative integer). These compounds exhibit unique stability due to resonance, making them less reactive than aliphatic compounds. Toluene, tert-butylbenzene, and benzyl chloride are all examples of aromatic compounds, characterized by their benzene ring structure.

Substituted Benzene Derivatives

Substituted benzene derivatives are compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms of the benzene ring are replaced by other functional groups or alkyl chains. The nature and position of these substituents can significantly influence the chemical properties and reactivity of the compound. For instance, toluene has a methyl group as a substituent, while tert-butylbenzene has a bulky tert-butyl group, affecting their physical and chemical behavior.

Halogenation of Aromatic Compounds

Halogenation is a chemical reaction where a halogen atom is introduced into an organic compound. In the case of benzyl chloride, a benzyl group (C6H5CH2-) is bonded to a chlorine atom, resulting from the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the benzyl carbon. This process is important in organic synthesis, as it allows for the introduction of reactive halogen atoms that can participate in further chemical reactions.

Watch next

Master Benzene Nomenclature with a bite sized video explanation from Johnny

Start learning