Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

Organic Chemistry

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

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2:32 minutes

Problem 1a,b

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:
a. 2-phenylhexane
b. benzyl alcohol

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the naming conventions in IUPAC nomenclature. For part (a), '2-phenylhexane' indicates a hexane chain (6 carbon atoms in a straight chain) with a phenyl group (C₆H₅) attached to the second carbon. For part (b), 'benzyl alcohol' refers to a benzene ring (C₆H₆) with a -CH₂OH group attached to it.

Step 2: For 2-phenylhexane, start by drawing the main chain of hexane. Represent it as a straight chain of six carbon atoms connected by single bonds.

Step 3: Attach the phenyl group (a benzene ring) to the second carbon of the hexane chain. Ensure that the phenyl group is represented as a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds.

Step 4: For benzyl alcohol, draw a benzene ring (a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds). Then, attach a -CH₂OH group to one of the carbons in the benzene ring. This group consists of a methylene (-CH₂-) group bonded to a hydroxyl (-OH) group.

Step 5: Verify the structures by checking that all valencies of carbon atoms are satisfied (each carbon should have four bonds), and ensure the placement of substituents matches the IUPAC names provided in the problem.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Structural Representation

Structural representation in organic chemistry involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule. This can be done using various formats, such as Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. Understanding how to represent molecules structurally is crucial for visualizing their chemical properties and reactivity.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of benzyl alcohol, the hydroxyl (-OH) group is the functional group that defines its properties. Recognizing functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior of organic compounds.

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. For example, 2-phenylhexane can exhibit different isomeric forms based on the position of the phenyl group on the hexane chain. Understanding isomerism is vital for distinguishing between compounds and predicting their physical and chemical properties.

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