Multiple Choice
How many moles of NAD+ are required to convert 50.0 g of glucose into pyruvate? How many moles of ATP are produced?
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
Glycolysis Summary
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A small amount of ATP is made in glycolysis by which of the following processes?
A
Photophosphorylation
B
Oxidative phosphorylation
C
Chemiosmosis
D
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context of glycolysis: Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, releasing energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and does not require oxygen.
Identify the type of phosphorylation involved: In glycolysis, ATP is produced directly from ADP and inorganic phosphate through substrate-level phosphorylation, which is distinct from oxidative phosphorylation that occurs in the mitochondria.
Define substrate-level phosphorylation: This process involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a phosphorylated intermediate to ADP, forming ATP. It does not involve the electron transport chain or chemiosmosis.
Differentiate from other types of phosphorylation: Photophosphorylation occurs in photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation involves the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis in mitochondria, and chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a membrane, driving ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation.
Recognize the significance in glycolysis: Substrate-level phosphorylation is crucial in glycolysis as it provides a quick and direct method to generate ATP without the need for oxygen, making it essential for anaerobic conditions.
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