Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

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5:57 minutes

Problem 28a,b,c

Textbook Question

Give IUPAC names for the following compounds.
(a)
(b)
(c)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest carbon chain in each compound that contains the highest priority functional group. For compound (a), the longest chain includes the alkyne group. For compound (b), the longest chain includes both the alkene and alkyne groups. For compound (c), the longest chain includes the alkyne group.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the chain starting from the end nearest to the highest priority functional group. For compound (a), start numbering from the end closest to the alkyne. For compound (b), start numbering from the end closest to the alkene. For compound (c), start numbering from the end closest to the alkyne.

Step 3: Identify and name any substituents attached to the main chain. In compound (a), there is a phenyl group attached. In compound (b), there are methyl groups attached. In compound (c), there are methyl groups attached.

Step 4: Combine the names of the substituents with the name of the main chain, using the appropriate locants to indicate the position of each substituent and functional group. Ensure that the functional groups are indicated with their respective suffixes, such as '-yne' for alkynes and '-ene' for alkenes.

Step 5: Assemble the full IUPAC name by placing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the main chain name, ensuring that the locants are correctly placed to indicate the position of each group. Double-check the numbering to ensure the lowest possible numbers are used for the functional groups.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for identifying the structure of a compound based on its molecular formula and functional groups. Understanding the hierarchy of functional groups, the longest carbon chain, and the correct use of prefixes and suffixes is essential for accurately naming compounds.

Alkynes

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. They are unsaturated compounds and are characterized by the general formula CnH2n-2. Recognizing the presence of a triple bond is crucial for determining the compound's name and its reactivity, as alkynes exhibit different chemical properties compared to alkanes and alkenes.

Substituents and Functional Groups

Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain, influencing the compound's properties and reactivity. In the context of IUPAC naming, identifying and naming substituents, such as phenyl (Ph) groups, is essential for constructing the full name of the compound. Properly recognizing and placing substituents in the name is key to accurately conveying the compound's structure.

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