Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

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4:54 minutes

Problem 37c

Textbook Question

Name the following halogenated compounds according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.
(c)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the compound. This chain will serve as the parent chain, and its name will be based on the number of carbon atoms it contains (e.g., methane, ethane, propane, etc.).

Step 2: Determine the functional groups attached to the parent chain. In this case, focus on the halogen substituents (e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine). Assign their positions based on the carbon atoms they are attached to, ensuring the numbering starts from the end of the chain closest to a substituent.

Step 3: Assign locants (numbers) to the substituents to indicate their positions on the parent chain. If there are multiple substituents, use the lowest possible set of numbers when numbering the chain.

Step 4: Arrange the substituents in alphabetical order when writing the name. Prefixes such as 'di-', 'tri-', etc., used for multiple identical substituents, are not considered in alphabetical ordering.

Step 5: Combine the elements of the name: start with the substituents (including their locants), followed by the name of the parent chain. Ensure the name is written as a single word with no spaces, and use hyphens to separate numbers from words.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the functional groups, and assigning locants to indicate the position of substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming organic compounds, including halogenated ones.

Halogenated Compounds

Halogenated compounds are organic molecules that contain one or more halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) as substituents. The presence of halogens can significantly influence the chemical properties and reactivity of the compound. Recognizing the type and position of halogens is crucial for proper nomenclature according to IUPAC rules.

Substituent Positioning

In IUPAC nomenclature, the position of substituents, including halogens, is indicated by numbers assigned to the carbon atoms in the main chain. The numbering starts from the end of the chain closest to the first substituent. Correctly identifying and numbering these positions is vital for providing an unambiguous name for the compound.

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