Predict the products formed when CH 3 CH 2 –C≡C: – Na + reacts with the following compounds. (d) cyclohexanone (e) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CHO

All right. Hello everyone. So this question is asking us to draw the products that will form when the compounds below react with sodium X 11 eyed followed by H2O work up for part one. Here we have cyclone and for part two, we have broken. Now, recall that CH O is a common abbreviation for the aldehyde functional group. So in this case, our given happens to be an alkin ion stemming from the depot nation of a terminal. All kind recall that alkin ions are very unique in that they make excellent nuc files sodium. On the other hand, is an inert counter ion. So to go ahead and understand the products for these reactions, let's go ahead and actually illustrate them. Starting off with part one here involving cyclin. The cyclone is a five carbon ring with a car Boel on one of the carbons inside of the ring. So here I have cyclone reacting with our Alkan ion with sodium, of course, as a counter ion. So first and foremost, when drawing out this reaction mechanism, the aconite carbon that has a negative charge is going to gravitate towards the electro pilic carbon carbon recall that the reason why the carbon carbon is electro hylic is because of its bond to the electron oxygen atom. So the carbonyl carbon gets attacked, which thereby pushes the pi bonds of the carbonel upwards towards oxygen. Meaning at this point, the carbon carbon becomes sp two hybridized because now it has a single bond to oxygen that has a negative charge. Now, and it's also attached to the aide. This brings us to the last step involving a work up here with water in this case, because now if we take a molecule of water in our mechanism here, the oxygen that's currently with a negative charge can go ahead and be pronated by taking a proton from that water molecule to create a neutral hydroxy group. So now we have an O group with an all kind attached to the carbon carbon from our starting material. So now let's go ahead and illustrate these same steps, but with propanol. So here I have my Alkan and this time our car bal is from propel, but it's the same principle because the ide is still going to attack our, which displaces the pi bond of the carbonel towards oxygen. So now on the carbon, carbon, oxygen has a negative charge and theres a new bond to the R group of our all night because oxygen has a negative charge, our next step is necessary to produce a neutral product. So now the negatively charged oxygen atom can take a proton from a molecule of water and create an alcohol as our final product and there you have it. So here we have our products for parts one and two on the screen. So with that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

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1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

14. Synthetic Techniques

Alkynide Alkylation

Organic Chemistry

14. Synthetic Techniques

Alkynide Alkylation

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5:15 minutes

Problem 36d,e

Textbook Question

Predict the products formed when CH₃CH₂–C≡C:^–Na⁺ reacts with the following compounds.
(d) cyclohexanone
(e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the given reactants. Cyclohexanone is a ketone with a six-membered ring, and CH3CH2CH2CHO is an aldehyde. Both compounds contain carbonyl groups (C=O), which are reactive functional groups in organic chemistry.

Step 2: Determine the type of reaction that might occur. Carbonyl compounds like ketones and aldehydes are often involved in nucleophilic addition reactions, condensation reactions, or oxidation/reduction reactions depending on the reagents and conditions.

Step 3: Consider the reactivity of the carbonyl group. The carbon atom in the carbonyl group is electrophilic due to the polarization of the C=O bond, making it susceptible to attack by nucleophiles. Cyclohexanone and CH3CH2CH2CHO will react differently based on their structural differences (ketone vs. aldehyde).

Step 4: Predict the interaction between the given reactants and the compounds. For cyclohexanone, reactions such as aldol condensation or nucleophilic addition could occur depending on the conditions. For CH3CH2CH2CHO, similar reactions are possible, but aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance and greater electrophilicity.

Step 5: Write the general mechanism for the reaction. For example, if a nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon, the double bond in the C=O group will break, forming a tetrahedral intermediate. Depending on the reaction conditions, this intermediate may lead to the formation of a new product, such as an alcohol or a condensation product.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nucleophilic Addition

Nucleophilic addition is a fundamental reaction mechanism in organic chemistry where a nucleophile attacks an electrophilic carbon atom, typically found in carbonyl compounds like ketones and aldehydes. This process leads to the formation of a new bond and is crucial for predicting the products of reactions involving compounds such as cyclohexanone and aldehydes.

Carbonyl Compounds

Carbonyl compounds, which include aldehydes and ketones, contain a carbon-oxygen double bond (C=O). Their reactivity is largely due to the polarization of the carbonyl bond, making the carbon atom electrophilic and susceptible to nucleophilic attack. Understanding the structure and reactivity of these compounds is essential for predicting the outcomes of reactions.

Reaction Mechanisms

Reaction mechanisms describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. In the context of organic reactions, understanding the mechanism helps in predicting the products formed, including intermediates and transition states. This knowledge is vital for analyzing the reactions of cyclohexanone and other compounds with nucleophiles.

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