Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Anhydrides

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Anhydrides

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3:48 minutes

Problem 49f

Textbook Question

Name the following:
f.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the functional group present in the molecule. The structure contains two ester groups, which are characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to an oxygen atom (O) that is further connected to another carbon chain.

Step 2: Determine the alkyl groups attached to the oxygen atoms in the ester functional groups. On the left side, the oxygen is bonded to a pentyl group (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2). On the right side, the oxygen is bonded to another pentyl group (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2).

Step 3: Identify the acyl groups (the part containing the carbonyl group and the adjacent carbon chain). Both acyl groups are derived from pentanoic acid (CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH), as they contain a five-carbon chain attached to the carbonyl group.

Step 4: Combine the names of the alkyl groups and the acyl groups to name the ester. The naming convention for esters is 'alkyl group' followed by 'acyl group' with the suffix '-oate'. Since both sides are identical, the name will reflect the symmetry of the molecule.

Step 5: Finalize the name by combining the components. The molecule is named as 'dipentyl pentanedioate', indicating two pentyl groups and a pentanedioic acid backbone.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Anhydrides

Anhydrides are organic compounds formed by the removal of water from two carboxylic acids. They typically have the general structure RCO-O-COR', where R and R' are hydrocarbon chains. Anhydrides are important in organic synthesis, often used to create esters or amides through reactions with alcohols or amines.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The nomenclature of organic compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). For anhydrides, the naming convention involves identifying the parent carboxylic acids, removing 'acid' from their names, and adding 'anhydride' at the end. This systematic approach ensures clarity and consistency in naming organic molecules.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of anhydrides, the functional group is the anhydride linkage (RCO-O-COR'), which influences the compound's reactivity and properties. Understanding functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior of organic compounds in chemical reactions.

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