Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Anhydrides

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Anhydrides

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5:06 minutes

Problem 43a,b

Textbook Question

Give appropriate names for the following compounds:
(a)
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the first compound. The structure contains a chlorine atom attached to a carbonyl group (C=O), which indicates it is an acyl chloride. The longest carbon chain includes 5 carbons, with a methyl group as a substituent on the second carbon. Identify the parent chain and substituents.

Step 2: Name the parent chain for the first compound. The longest chain has 5 carbons, so the base name is 'pentanoyl chloride'. Incorporate the substituent (methyl group) at the correct position (carbon 2). Use IUPAC rules to name the compound.

Step 3: Analyze the second compound. The structure contains two carbonyl groups (C=O) separated by an oxygen atom, which indicates it is an ester. One side of the ester is a phenyl group (Ph), and the other side is a formyl group (H-C=O). Identify the functional groups and substituents.

Step 4: Name the parent chain for the second compound. The phenyl group is attached to the ester oxygen, and the formyl group is part of the acyl chain. The base name for the ester is 'benzyl formate'. Use IUPAC rules to name the compound.

Step 5: Combine the substituents and parent chain names for both compounds, ensuring proper placement of locants and functional group priorities. Verify the names follow IUPAC conventions for clarity and accuracy.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

Nomenclature is the systematic naming of chemical compounds based on established rules. In organic chemistry, the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) system is commonly used, which involves identifying the longest carbon chain, determining functional groups, and applying prefixes and suffixes to create a unique name for each compound.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the context of the given compounds, recognizing functional groups such as anhydrides, halides, and carbonyls is essential for accurate naming and understanding their reactivity and properties.

Anhydrides

Anhydrides are a class of compounds derived from acids by the removal of water. They typically contain two acyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom. Understanding the structure and naming conventions for anhydrides is crucial for identifying the compounds in the question, as they influence the overall naming process and the compound's chemical behavior.

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