Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following IUPAC names is written correctly?

1,1-dimethylpropane

3-ethyl-2-methylbutane

4-methylhexane

2-methylpentane

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the IUPAC naming rules. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides a systematic way to name organic chemical compounds. The name should reflect the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, substituents, and their positions.

Step 2: Analyze the first option, '1,1-dimethylpropane'. Identify the longest carbon chain, which is propane (3 carbons). The '1,1-dimethyl' indicates two methyl groups attached to the first carbon. However, this structure is actually '2,2-dimethylpropane', also known as neopentane, because the longest chain should be considered as butane (4 carbons) with two methyl groups on the second carbon.

Step 3: Examine the second option, '3-ethyl-2-methylbutane'. Identify the longest carbon chain, which is butane (4 carbons). The substituents are an ethyl group on the third carbon and a methyl group on the second carbon. This name follows the IUPAC rules correctly, as the substituents are listed in alphabetical order and their positions are indicated.

Step 4: Evaluate the third option, '4-methylhexane'. Identify the longest carbon chain, which is hexane (6 carbons). The '4-methyl' indicates a methyl group on the fourth carbon. However, the numbering should start from the end nearest to the substituent, making it '3-methylhexane'.

Step 5: Compare the given correct answer, '2-methylpentane'. Identify the longest carbon chain, which is pentane (5 carbons). The '2-methyl' indicates a methyl group on the second carbon. This name is correct according to IUPAC rules, as it reflects the structure accurately with the longest chain and correct substituent position.