Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Condensed Structural Formula

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Condensed Structural Formula

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Problem 17a

Textbook Question

Convert the following condensed structures into skeletal structures:
a. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the main chain of the molecule. In this case, the condensed structure CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH represents a six-carbon chain with a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to the terminal carbon.

Draw the backbone of the molecule as a zigzag line to represent the six-carbon chain. Each vertex in the zigzag represents a carbon atom, and the ends of the zigzag represent terminal carbons.

Add the hydroxyl (-OH) group to the terminal carbon at the end of the chain. This is indicated by the 'OH' in the condensed structure.

Ensure that each carbon atom has the correct number of bonds (four bonds total). Add implicit hydrogens to the skeletal structure where necessary to satisfy the valency of each carbon.

Double-check the structure to confirm that it matches the original condensed formula and that all atoms and bonds are correctly represented.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensed Structures

Condensed structures are a way of representing organic molecules where the connectivity of atoms is shown without explicitly drawing all the bonds. In these structures, groups of atoms are often grouped together, such as CH3 for a methyl group or CH2 for a methylene group, making it easier to visualize larger molecules without clutter.

Skeletal Structures

Skeletal structures, also known as line-angle structures, are a simplified way of drawing organic molecules. In these diagrams, carbon atoms are represented by the ends and intersections of lines, while hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are usually omitted for clarity. This method emphasizes the overall shape and connectivity of the molecule, making it easier to identify functional groups and molecular frameworks.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the given structure, the hydroxyl group (-OH) is a functional group that indicates the molecule is an alcohol. Recognizing functional groups is essential for understanding the reactivity and properties of organic compounds.