Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following are possible outcomes of a base substitution reaction in organic chemistry?

Formation of an alkene

Formation of an ether

Formation of a ketone

Formation of an alcohol

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of a base substitution reaction: In organic chemistry, a base substitution reaction typically involves the replacement of a leaving group by a nucleophile, often leading to the formation of different types of compounds.

Consider the formation of an alkene: A base can abstract a proton from a β-carbon, leading to the elimination of a leaving group and the formation of a double bond, resulting in an alkene. This is known as an elimination reaction (E2 mechanism).

Consider the formation of an ether: Ethers are typically formed through a nucleophilic substitution reaction where an alkoxide ion (a strong base) attacks an alkyl halide, replacing the halide ion and forming an ether. This is an example of an SN2 reaction.

Consider the formation of a ketone: Ketones are generally formed through oxidation reactions or by the hydration of alkynes, not directly through base substitution reactions. Therefore, the formation of a ketone is not a typical outcome of a base substitution reaction.

Consider the formation of an alcohol: Alcohols can be formed when a nucleophile, such as a hydroxide ion, substitutes a leaving group in an alkyl halide, resulting in the formation of an alcohol. This is another example of an SN2 reaction.