Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Alkyl Groups

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Alkyl Groups

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6:10 minutes

Problem 49

Textbook Question

Draw the skeletal structure of 3,3-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6-(1-methylpropyl)decane.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent chain: The parent chain is 'decane,' which means it is a straight chain of 10 carbon atoms. Number the chain from one end to the other to assign substituents the lowest possible numbers.

Locate the substituents: The name indicates three substituents: (1) 3,3-dimethyl, (2) 7-(1-methylethyl), and (3) 6-(1-methylpropyl). These substituents will be attached to the parent chain at carbons 3, 7, and 6, respectively.

Draw the substituents: (1) At carbon 3, draw two methyl groups (-CH₃) attached to the same carbon. (2) At carbon 7, draw an isopropyl group (-CH(CH₃)₂), which corresponds to the '1-methylethyl' group. (3) At carbon 6, draw a sec-butyl group (-CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃), which corresponds to the '1-methylpropyl' group.

Assemble the structure: Start with the 10-carbon parent chain and attach the substituents at their respective positions. Ensure that the substituents are drawn in their correct structural forms and that all carbons have four bonds.

Verify the structure: Double-check that the substituents are placed at the correct positions (3, 6, and 7), that the parent chain remains intact, and that all carbons and hydrogens are accounted for in the skeletal structure.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Skeletal Structures

Skeletal structures are simplified representations of organic molecules that depict the arrangement of carbon atoms and their bonds. In these diagrams, carbon atoms are represented by vertices or ends of lines, while hydrogen atoms are often omitted for clarity. Understanding how to read and draw skeletal structures is essential for visualizing complex organic compounds.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds based on their structure. It provides rules for identifying the longest carbon chain, substituents, and their positions. Familiarity with IUPAC naming conventions is crucial for interpreting and constructing the names of organic molecules, such as 3,3-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6-(1-methylpropyl)decane.

Substituents and Branching

Substituents are groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain, affecting the molecule's properties and reactivity. In the context of the given compound, understanding how to identify and represent branched substituents, like isopropyl and isobutyl groups, is vital for accurately drawing the skeletal structure and recognizing the overall molecular architecture.

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