Textbook Question
Rank the following molecules from least water soluble to most water soluble. Explain your reasoning.
(b) LiCl
2. Molecular Representations
How To Determine Solubility
Problem 65
Textbook Question
Ansaid and Motrin belong to the group of drugs known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Both are only slightly soluble in water, but one is a little more soluble than the other. Which of the drugs has the greater solubility in water?
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by examining the chemical structures of Ansaid and Motrin. Look for functional groups that can interact with water molecules, such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), or amine (-NH2) groups.
Consider the polarity of each molecule. Polar molecules tend to be more soluble in water due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Identify any polar functional groups in each drug.
Evaluate the overall molecular size and shape. Larger molecules or those with extensive hydrophobic regions may have reduced solubility in water.
Analyze the presence of any ionic groups. Ionic compounds generally have higher solubility in water due to the strong electrostatic interactions with water molecules.
Compare the solubility-enhancing features of each drug. The drug with more polar or ionic groups, or fewer hydrophobic regions, is likely to have greater solubility in water.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Solubility
Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, typically water. It is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the chemical nature of the solute and solvent. In organic chemistry, understanding solubility is crucial for predicting how compounds will behave in biological systems and their effectiveness as drugs.
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Introducing common solvents and other molecules in organic chemistry.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs are a class of medications that reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. They work by inhibiting enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX), which are involved in the production of prostaglandins, compounds that mediate inflammation. Knowledge of NSAIDs is essential for understanding their pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses.
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Chemical Structure and Polarity
The chemical structure of a compound, including its functional groups and overall polarity, significantly affects its solubility in water. Polar molecules tend to be more soluble in polar solvents like water, while nonpolar molecules are less soluble. Analyzing the structures of Ansaid and Motrin will help determine which has greater solubility based on their polarity.
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