Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

Organic Chemistry

18. Aromaticity

Naming Benzene Rings

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2:11 minutes

Problem 45e

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:
e. 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-methylbenzene

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by identifying the parent structure. The parent structure is benzene, which is a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds.

Step 2: Number the positions on the benzene ring. Start numbering from the position where the substituent with the highest priority is attached. In this case, bromine (Br) has higher priority than chlorine (Cl) and methyl (CH₃), so bromine is at position 4.

Step 3: Place the chlorine substituent at position 1. This is specified in the name '1-chloro'.

Step 4: Place the methyl group (CH₃) at position 2. This is specified in the name '2-methyl'.

Step 5: Draw the benzene ring and add the substituents at their respective positions: bromine at position 4, chlorine at position 1, and methyl at position 2. Ensure the structure maintains the aromaticity of the benzene ring.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Benzene Structure

Benzene is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a formula of C6H6, characterized by its planar structure and resonance stability. It consists of six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal ring, with alternating double bonds. Understanding the basic structure of benzene is crucial for drawing substituted derivatives, as it serves as the foundation for further modifications.

Substitution Reactions

In organic chemistry, substitution reactions involve replacing one atom or group in a molecule with another. For benzene derivatives, electrophilic aromatic substitution is common, where substituents like bromine and chlorine can replace hydrogen atoms. Recognizing how these reactions occur helps in accurately depicting the final structure of substituted benzene compounds.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The IUPAC nomenclature system provides a standardized method for naming organic compounds based on their structure. In the case of 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-methylbenzene, the name indicates the positions of the substituents on the benzene ring. Understanding how to interpret and apply these naming conventions is essential for correctly drawing and identifying organic structures.

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