Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for a bacterial cell acquiring resistance genes in the context of organic chemistry reactions?

Clarify the concept of conjugation: Conjugation is a process where genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells through direct contact. This is a key mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria.

Differentiate from other processes: Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, hydrolysis involves the breaking of bonds with water, and esterification involves forming an ester from an acid and alcohol. None of these processes directly relate to the transfer of genetic material.