Multiple Choice
Which of the following steps is common to both the Gram stain and the acid-fast stain in organic chemistry reactions?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
Multiple Choice
Which of the following organic chemistry reactions is primarily responsible for the breakdown of complex organic molecules in fungi, contributing to the carbon cycle?
A
Esterification
B
Polymerization
C
Hydrogenation
D
Hydrolysis
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of fungi in the carbon cycle: Fungi are decomposers that break down complex organic molecules into simpler substances, releasing carbon back into the environment.
Identify the type of reaction that breaks down complex molecules: Hydrolysis is a reaction where water is used to break chemical bonds, typically in polymers or complex molecules, resulting in smaller units.
Compare hydrolysis with other reactions: Esterification is the formation of esters from acids and alcohols, polymerization is the process of forming large molecules from small ones, and hydrogenation involves adding hydrogen to unsaturated bonds. None of these are primarily involved in breaking down complex molecules.
Recognize the role of hydrolysis in biological systems: In fungi, hydrolytic enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of complex organic substances, such as cellulose and lignin, into simpler molecules like sugars and phenolic compounds.
Conclude that hydrolysis is the key reaction: Given its role in breaking down complex organic molecules, hydrolysis is the primary reaction responsible for the decomposition activities of fungi in the carbon cycle.
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