Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements correctly describes a key difference between the ELISA and Western Blot tests in the context of detecting HIV?
3. Acids and Bases
Organic Chemistry Reactions
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Which of the following reactions is most commonly used to convert an alkene into an alcohol?
A
Halogenation
B
Ozonolysis
C
Dehydration
D
Hydroboration-oxidation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the goal: We want to convert an alkene into an alcohol. This involves adding an -OH group to the alkene.
Identify the reaction type: Hydroboration-oxidation is a two-step reaction that efficiently converts alkenes to alcohols.
Step 1 - Hydroboration: In this step, the alkene reacts with borane (BH3) or a borane derivative. The boron atom adds to the less substituted carbon of the double bond, while hydrogen adds to the more substituted carbon. This is an example of anti-Markovnikov addition.
Step 2 - Oxidation: The organoborane intermediate is then oxidized using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of a base, typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This step replaces the boron atom with an -OH group, forming the alcohol.
Consider the stereochemistry: Hydroboration-oxidation proceeds with syn addition, meaning both the hydrogen and the hydroxyl group add to the same side of the double bond, which can be important for the stereochemistry of the product.
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