Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

32. Lipids

Intro to Lipids

Organic Chemistry

32. Lipids

Intro to Lipids

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Multiple Choice

Why do phospholipids form a double layer in aqueous environments?

Because they are entirely hydrophobic and avoid water.

Because their hydrophilic tails attract water and their hydrophobic heads repel water.

Because they are entirely hydrophilic and dissolve in water.

Because their hydrophobic tails repel water and their hydrophilic heads attract water.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the structure of phospholipids: Phospholipids consist of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Recognize the behavior of phospholipids in water: In an aqueous environment, the hydrophilic heads interact with water, while the hydrophobic tails avoid water.

Visualize the formation of a bilayer: Phospholipids arrange themselves into a double layer, or bilayer, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward towards the water and the hydrophobic tails facing inward, away from the water.

Consider the stability of the bilayer: This arrangement is energetically favorable because it maximizes the interaction of the hydrophilic heads with water and minimizes the exposure of the hydrophobic tails to water.

Relate the bilayer structure to biological membranes: The phospholipid bilayer forms the fundamental structure of cell membranes, providing a barrier that separates the internal environment of the cell from the external aqueous environment.