Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

IUPAC Naming

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1:48 minutes

Problem 11e

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:
e. 2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Start by identifying the parent chain. The parent chain is 'octane,' which means it is a straight chain of 8 carbon atoms. Draw a linear chain of 8 carbons.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain from 1 to 8. Numbering should be done in such a way that the substituents get the lowest possible numbers.

Step 3: Add the substituents to the parent chain. The name '2,5-dimethyl' indicates that there are methyl groups (-CH₃) attached to carbons 2 and 5 of the parent chain. Draw these methyl groups at the appropriate positions.

Step 4: Add the '4-(2-methylpropyl)' substituent. This indicates that at carbon 4 of the parent chain, there is a 2-methylpropyl group. A 2-methylpropyl group consists of a three-carbon chain with a methyl group attached to the second carbon. Attach this group to carbon 4 of the parent chain.

Step 5: Verify the structure. Ensure that all carbons have four bonds, all substituents are correctly placed, and the structure matches the IUPAC name '2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane.'

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for identifying the structure of a compound based on its name, including the longest carbon chain, substituents, and their positions. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately interpreting the name '2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane' and constructing its corresponding structure.

Structural Representation

Structural representation in organic chemistry involves depicting the arrangement of atoms within a molecule. This can be done using various formats, such as Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. For the compound in question, drawing the correct structural representation requires recognizing the branching and substituents indicated by the name.

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the phenomenon where compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial orientations. In the case of '2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane', understanding isomerism is important to ensure that the correct structure is drawn, as different arrangements can lead to different physical and chemical properties.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

What is each compound's systematic name?

g. CH₃CH₂C(CH₂CH₃)₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Textbook Question

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

f. 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)decane

Textbook Question

Draw skeletal structures for the following:

e. 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane

Textbook Question

Give the systematic names for all alkanes with molecular formula C₇H₁₆ that do not have any secondary hydrogens.

Textbook Question

Draw the structure for each of the following:

d. 2,4,5-trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane

Textbook Question

A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.

k. 2-methyl-2-isopropylheptane

Textbook Question

Draw a condensed structure and a skeletal structure for each of the following:

g. 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)heptane

Textbook Question

Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]

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Draw the structure for each of the following: e. 2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

Structural Representation

Isomerism

Watch next

Draw the structure for each of the following:
e. 2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane