Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Ketones

Organic Chemistry

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Ketones

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4:56 minutes

Problem 56b

Textbook Question

The following molecules were named incorrectly according to IUPAC nomenclature. Give the correct name of these compounds.
b. (R)-6-bromo-7-oxoheptan-2-one

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest carbon chain in the molecule. The name 'heptan-2-one' suggests a seven-carbon chain with a ketone group at the second position.

Step 2: Determine the correct numbering of the carbon chain. The ketone group should have the lowest possible number, so number the chain starting from the end closest to the ketone group.

Step 3: Locate and identify the substituents on the carbon chain. The name '6-bromo-7-oxo' indicates a bromine atom at the sixth position and an oxo group (another ketone) at the seventh position.

Step 4: Consider the stereochemistry. The '(R)' configuration indicates the absolute configuration of the chiral center. Identify the chiral center and verify its configuration using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules.

Step 5: Assemble the correct IUPAC name. Ensure that the substituents are listed in alphabetical order and the stereochemistry is correctly indicated. The name should reflect the correct numbering and configuration of the molecule.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a standardized system for naming chemical compounds, ensuring clarity and consistency in communication. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, assigning priority to functional groups, and using prefixes and suffixes to denote substituents and functional groups. Correct application of these rules is essential for accurately naming organic molecules.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry involves the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and its impact on chemical properties. The (R) and (S) designations refer to the configuration of chiral centers, determined by the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules. Understanding stereochemistry is crucial for correctly naming compounds with chiral centers, as it affects their biological activity and interactions.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for characteristic chemical reactions. In organic chemistry, identifying and prioritizing functional groups like ketones, alcohols, and halides is vital for naming compounds. The presence and position of these groups influence the naming process according to IUPAC rules, affecting the suffixes and prefixes used.

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