Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols

Naming Epoxides

Organic Chemistry

12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols

Naming Epoxides

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3:39 minutes

Problem 27d

Textbook Question

Draw structures for the following:
d. 2,3-epoxy-2-methylpentane

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Start by identifying the parent chain. The name '2-methylpentane' indicates that the parent chain is pentane (a five-carbon alkane) with a methyl group (-CH₃) attached to the second carbon.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the pentane chain from 1 to 5. Ensure that the numbering gives the substituents the lowest possible numbers.

Step 3: Place the methyl group (-CH₃) on the second carbon of the pentane chain, as indicated by the name '2-methyl'.

Step 4: Add the epoxy group. The term '2,3-epoxy' indicates that there is an epoxide (a three-membered cyclic ether) formed between the second and third carbons of the chain. Draw a triangular ring connecting these two carbons with an oxygen atom.

Step 5: Verify the structure by ensuring that all carbons have the correct number of bonds (four for each carbon) and that the functional groups are placed correctly as per the IUPAC name.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Epoxides

Epoxides are a class of cyclic ethers characterized by a three-membered ring structure containing an oxygen atom. They are highly reactive due to the ring strain and can undergo various chemical reactions, including ring-opening. Understanding the properties and reactivity of epoxides is crucial for drawing their structures and predicting their behavior in organic reactions.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry refers to the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical properties and reactions. In the case of 2,3-epoxy-2-methylpentane, recognizing the stereochemical configuration at the chiral centers is essential for accurately representing the molecule's structure. This includes understanding concepts like chirality and the significance of R/S notation.

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

The nomenclature of organic compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). For 2,3-epoxy-2-methylpentane, the name indicates the presence of an epoxide group at the 2 and 3 positions of a pentane chain, along with a methyl group at the second carbon. Familiarity with IUPAC naming conventions is essential for correctly interpreting and drawing organic structures.

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