Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Aldehydes

Organic Chemistry

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Aldehydes

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4:40 minutes

Problem 7d

Textbook Question

Give a structure that corresponds to the name provided.
d. E-4-oxopent-2-enal

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the root name 'pent' which indicates a five-carbon chain as the backbone of the molecule.

Recognize the suffix '-enal' which signifies the presence of an aldehyde group (\(\text{CHO}\)) at the terminal carbon of the chain.

Note the prefix '4-oxo' which indicates a ketone group (\(\text{C=O}\)) located on the fourth carbon of the chain.

Understand the 'E' configuration, which means the highest priority groups on either side of the double bond at position 2 are on opposite sides.

Construct the structure by placing the aldehyde group at the first carbon, the ketone group at the fourth carbon, and ensuring the double bond between the second and third carbons has the 'E' configuration.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a standardized way to name compounds based on their structure, ensuring that each name is unique and descriptive of the compound's molecular structure. Understanding IUPAC rules is essential for interpreting and constructing chemical names.

E/Z Isomerism

E/Z isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism found in alkenes, where the spatial arrangement of substituents around the double bond differs. 'E' (from the German 'entgegen') indicates that the highest priority groups on each carbon of the double bond are on opposite sides, while 'Z' ('zusammen') means they are on the same side. This concept is crucial for understanding the geometric configuration of alkenes.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the name 'E-4-oxopent-2-enal', the 'oxo' group indicates a ketone, and 'enal' suggests the presence of both an alkene and an aldehyde. Recognizing these groups helps in predicting the reactivity and properties of the compound.