Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

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5:46 minutes

Problem 7d

Textbook Question

Draw the structure that corresponds to the name provided.
(d) (2R,4Z)-5-bromopent-4-ene-1,2-diol

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Break down the name systematically. The name '(2R,4Z)-5-bromopent-4-ene-1,2-diol' provides information about the structure. The parent chain is 'pent', indicating a five-carbon chain. The suffix '-ene' indicates the presence of a double bond, and '-diol' indicates two hydroxyl (-OH) groups.

Step 2: Identify the substituents and their positions. The '5-bromo' indicates a bromine atom attached to the fifth carbon. The '1,2-diol' indicates hydroxyl groups attached to the first and second carbons. The '(2R)' specifies the absolute configuration at carbon 2, and '(4Z)' specifies the geometry of the double bond at carbon 4.

Step 3: Place the double bond and assign the Z configuration. The double bond is between carbons 4 and 5. The 'Z' configuration means the higher-priority groups on each carbon of the double bond are on the same side. Use the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules to determine the priorities.

Step 4: Assign the stereochemistry at carbon 2. The '(2R)' configuration means the substituents around carbon 2 are arranged in a clockwise manner when viewed from a specific perspective. Assign priorities to the groups attached to carbon 2 (hydroxyl, hydrogen, and the rest of the chain) and orient them accordingly.

Step 5: Draw the complete structure. Start with the five-carbon chain, add the double bond between carbons 4 and 5 with the Z configuration, place the bromine on carbon 5, and add hydroxyl groups to carbons 1 and 2. Ensure the stereochemistry at carbon 2 is R.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry is the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical properties and reactions. In the given compound, the (2R,4Z) notation indicates specific configurations at the chiral center and the geometry of the double bond, which are crucial for accurately drawing the structure.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In this case, the presence of a bromine atom and hydroxyl groups (-OH) indicates that the compound is a brominated alcohol, which influences its reactivity and properties.

Nomenclature

Nomenclature in organic chemistry refers to the systematic naming of chemical compounds based on their structure and functional groups. The name (2R,4Z)-5-bromopent-4-ene-1,2-diol provides information about the carbon chain length, the position of the double bond, and the presence of substituents, which are essential for constructing the correct molecular structure.

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