Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Cis vs Trans

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4:19 minutes

Problem 40g,h

Textbook Question

Draw a structure for each compound (includes old and new names).
g. vinylcyclopropane
h. (Z)-2-bromo-2-pentene

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the structure of vinylcyclopropane: The term 'vinyl' refers to the presence of an ethenyl group, which is a two-carbon chain with a double bond (CH2=CH-). Cyclopropane is a three-membered carbon ring. Combine these to form vinylcyclopropane by attaching the ethenyl group to the cyclopropane ring.

Draw the cyclopropane ring: Start by sketching a triangle to represent the three-membered ring, which consists of three carbon atoms.

Attach the vinyl group to the cyclopropane: Connect the ethenyl group (CH2=CH-) to one of the carbon atoms in the cyclopropane ring. This forms the structure of vinylcyclopropane.

Identify the structure of (Z)-2-bromo-2-pentene: The 'Z' configuration indicates that the higher priority groups on each carbon of the double bond are on the same side. The compound is a five-carbon chain (pentene) with a double bond at the second carbon and a bromine atom also attached to the second carbon.

Draw the structure of (Z)-2-bromo-2-pentene: Start with a five-carbon chain. Place a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms. Attach a bromine atom to the second carbon. Ensure that the higher priority groups (bromine and the longer carbon chain) are on the same side of the double bond to reflect the 'Z' configuration.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a standardized system for naming chemical compounds. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering the chain to give substituents the lowest possible numbers, and using prefixes and suffixes to denote functional groups and structural features. Understanding this system is crucial for accurately drawing and naming organic compounds.

Alkene Geometry

Alkene geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms around the double bond in alkenes, which can be either cis (Z) or trans (E). The (Z) designation indicates that the highest priority groups on each carbon of the double bond are on the same side, affecting the compound's physical and chemical properties. Recognizing these configurations is essential for drawing accurate structures.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. Cyclopropane, a three-membered ring, is a common example. Understanding the stability and strain associated with these rings helps in visualizing and drawing their structures, especially when combined with other functional groups like alkenes, as in vinylcyclopropane.

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