Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

Organic Chemistry

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

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4:08 minutes

Problem 8b

Textbook Question

Provide the IUPAC names for the following alkynes.
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain that contains the triple bond. This chain will serve as the parent chain for naming the alkyne.

Step 2: Number the parent chain starting from the end closest to the triple bond. This ensures the triple bond gets the lowest possible number.

Step 3: Determine the position of the triple bond within the chain and include this number in the name. Use the suffix '-yne' to indicate the presence of a triple bond.

Step 4: Identify and name any substituents attached to the parent chain. Use prefixes such as 'methyl-', 'ethyl-', etc., and specify their positions based on the numbering of the parent chain.

Step 5: Combine the substituent names, parent chain name, and triple bond position into the full IUPAC name, ensuring proper order and formatting (substituents listed alphabetically, followed by the parent chain with the triple bond position).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alkynes

Alkynes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. They follow the general formula CnH2n-2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Alkynes are unsaturated compounds, which means they contain fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes and alkenes. The presence of the triple bond gives alkynes unique reactivity and properties compared to other hydrocarbons.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. For alkynes, the naming convention involves identifying the longest carbon chain containing the triple bond, numbering the chain to give the lowest possible number to the triple bond, and using the suffix '-yne' to indicate the presence of the triple bond. This standardized approach ensures clear communication among chemists regarding the structure of compounds.

Numbering and Locants

In IUPAC nomenclature, numbering the carbon chain is crucial for indicating the position of functional groups, such as triple bonds in alkynes. The locant is the number assigned to the carbon atom where the triple bond begins, ensuring that the name reflects the compound's structure accurately. For example, in 2-butyne, the '2' indicates that the triple bond starts at the second carbon of the four-carbon chain, which is essential for distinguishing between isomers.

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