Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect

1H NMR:Number of Signals

Organic Chemistry

15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect

1H NMR:Number of Signals

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3:13 minutes

Problem 47a(4,5,6)

Textbook Question

How many signals are produced by each of the following compounds in its
a. ¹H NMR spectrum?
4.
5.
6.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the structure of the compound provided. The image shows a five-membered ring containing a sulfur atom. This compound is thiophene, an aromatic heterocyclic compound.

Step 2: Determine the symmetry of the molecule. Thiophene is symmetric due to the sulfur atom and the alternating double bonds in the ring, which make it aromatic.

Step 3: Identify the unique hydrogen environments. In thiophene, there are two types of hydrogens: those on the carbons adjacent to the sulfur atom (α-hydrogens) and those on the carbons opposite the sulfur atom (β-hydrogens).

Step 4: Count the number of unique signals in the 1H NMR spectrum. The α-hydrogens are equivalent to each other, and the β-hydrogens are equivalent to each other, resulting in two distinct signals.

Step 5: Consider the splitting patterns. The α-hydrogens will couple with the β-hydrogens, and vice versa, leading to splitting patterns that can be analyzed further in the NMR spectrum.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

NMR spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to determine the structure of organic compounds. It relies on the magnetic properties of certain nuclei, primarily hydrogen (1H), to provide information about the number of different hydrogen environments in a molecule. Each unique hydrogen environment produces a distinct signal in the NMR spectrum, allowing chemists to infer structural details.

Chemical Shifts

Chemical shifts in NMR spectroscopy refer to the resonance frequency of a nucleus relative to a standard reference frequency. They are influenced by the electronic environment surrounding the hydrogen atoms, which can be affected by factors such as electronegativity of nearby atoms and hybridization. Understanding chemical shifts is crucial for interpreting the NMR spectrum and identifying the types of hydrogen present in a compound.

Signal Splitting and Integration

In NMR, signal splitting occurs due to the interaction of neighboring hydrogen atoms, leading to multiplet patterns that provide information about the number of adjacent protons. Integration of the NMR signals quantifies the area under each peak, which correlates to the number of protons contributing to that signal. This information helps in deducing the molecular structure and the relative number of hydrogen atoms in different environments.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

How many signals would you expect to see in the 1H NMR spectrum of each of the following compounds?

Textbook Question

How can ¹H NMR distinguish between the compounds in each of the following pairs?

Textbook Question

How many signals are produced by each of the following compounds in its

a. ¹H NMR spectrum?

Textbook Question

How can ¹H NMR be used to prove that the addition of HBr to propene follows the rule that says that the electrophile adds to the sp² carbon bonded to the most hydrogens?

Textbook Question

Draw an isomer of dichlorocyclopropane that gives an ¹H NMR spectrum

c. with three signals

Textbook Question

How many signals would you expect to see in the 1H NMR spectrum of each of the following compounds?

Textbook Question

How many signals would you expect to see in the 1H NMR spectrum of each of the following compounds?

Textbook Question

How many signals would you expect to see in the ¹H NMR spectrum of each of the five compounds with molecular formula C₆H₁₄?

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How many signals are produced by each of the following compounds in itsa. 1H NMR spectrum?4. 5. 6.

Key Concepts

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

Chemical Shifts

Signal Splitting and Integration

Watch next

How many signals are produced by each of the following compounds in its
a. ¹H NMR spectrum?
4.
5.
6.