Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Ketones

Organic Chemistry

21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition

Naming Ketones

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4:13 minutes

Problem 38d

Textbook Question

Name the following ketones and aldehydes. When possible, give both a common name and an IUPAC name.
(d) PhCOPh

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the functional group in the compound. In this case, the compound contains a ketone group (C=O) bonded to two phenyl groups (Ph).

Determine the parent chain or structure. Since the ketone is directly attached to two phenyl groups, the parent structure is a diphenyl ketone.

Assign the IUPAC name. For ketones, the suffix '-one' is used. The compound is named as 'benzophenone' in IUPAC nomenclature because it consists of two benzene rings attached to a central carbonyl group.

Provide the common name. The common name for this compound is also 'benzophenone,' as it is widely recognized by this name in both common and IUPAC naming systems.

Verify the name by ensuring it follows the IUPAC rules: the ketone group takes priority in naming, and the phenyl groups are correctly identified as substituents on either side of the carbonyl group.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In organic chemistry, ketones and aldehydes are defined by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O), where ketones have the carbonyl group flanked by two carbon atoms, while aldehydes have at least one hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon.

Nomenclature

Nomenclature in organic chemistry refers to the systematic naming of chemical compounds based on established rules. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides guidelines for naming compounds, which include identifying the longest carbon chain containing the functional group, determining the position of the functional group, and using prefixes and suffixes to indicate the type of compound and its substituents.

Common Names vs. IUPAC Names

Common names are traditional names that may not follow systematic rules, often based on historical or trivial naming conventions. In contrast, IUPAC names are standardized and provide a clear, unambiguous way to identify a compound's structure. For example, the compound PhCOPh can be named as benzophenone in common nomenclature and as diphenylmethanone in IUPAC nomenclature, reflecting its structure and functional groups.

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