Multiple Choice
In the context of acids and bases, which of the following describes a substance that can donate a proton?
3. Acids and Bases
Acids and Bases
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Which of the following statements correctly describes why acetic acid is considered a weak acid?
A
Acetic acid has a high pH value.
B
Acetic acid completely dissociates in water.
C
Acetic acid is a strong electrolyte.
D
Acetic acid partially dissociates in water.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of acid dissociation: Acids dissociate in water to release hydrogen ions (H⁺). The extent of this dissociation determines whether an acid is strong or weak.
Define a weak acid: A weak acid is one that does not completely dissociate in water. Instead, it establishes an equilibrium between the undissociated acid and the ions produced.
Examine acetic acid's behavior in water: Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) partially dissociates in water, meaning not all acetic acid molecules release H⁺ ions. This partial dissociation is characteristic of weak acids.
Evaluate the incorrect statements: A high pH value indicates a basic solution, not an acidic one. Complete dissociation and strong electrolytes are properties of strong acids, not weak acids like acetic acid.
Conclude with the correct statement: The correct description of acetic acid as a weak acid is that it partially dissociates in water, forming an equilibrium between CH₃COOH and its ions (CH₃COO⁻ and H⁺).
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