Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

Organic Chemistry

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

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Problem 42d

Textbook Question

Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.
(d)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain that includes both triple bonds (alkynes) and double bonds (alkenes). This will be the parent chain.

Step 2: Number the parent chain starting from the end closest to the first point of unsaturation (double or triple bond). Assign numbers to the carbons in the chain to minimize the locants for the double and triple bonds.

Step 3: Identify and name substituents attached to the parent chain. In this case, there is a methyl group attached to the chain.

Step 4: Combine the names of the substituents, the parent chain, and the locants for the double and triple bonds. Use the suffix '-yne' for triple bonds and '-ene' for double bonds, and indicate their positions in the chain.

Step 5: Ensure the name follows IUPAC rules, including proper placement of locants and alphabetical order for substituents. Double-check for stereochemistry if applicable.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming organic compounds. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the functional groups, and applying specific rules for naming based on the structure. For alkynes, which are hydrocarbons containing at least one triple bond, the suffix '-yne' is used, and the position of the triple bond is indicated by a number.

Alkynes

Alkynes are a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n-2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Alkynes can be linear or branched, and their reactivity is influenced by the triple bond, making them important in various chemical reactions and synthesis processes.

Numbering the Carbon Chain

In IUPAC nomenclature, numbering the carbon chain is crucial for indicating the position of functional groups and multiple bonds. The carbon chain is numbered from the end closest to the first point of unsaturation, such as a triple bond in alkynes. This ensures that the lowest possible numbers are assigned to the substituents and functional groups, which is essential for clear and unambiguous naming.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Using IUPAC rules, name the following molecules.

(e)

Textbook Question

Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.

(b)

Textbook Question

Complete the structure of each of these so that it matches the (R) or (S) configuration associated with the name.

(d)

Textbook Question

Complete the structure of each of these so that it matches the (R) or (S) configuration associated with the name.

(e)

Textbook Question

In Chapter 12, we introduce the S_N2 reaction, a nucleophilic substitution reaction that proceeds with inversion. Confirm that inversion has occurred in each of the following examples by determining the absolute configuration of the chiral center in the reactants and products.

(a)

Textbook Question

Assign the absolute stereochemistry for each of the following molecules.

(e)

Textbook Question

Assign the absolute stereochemistry for each of the following molecules.

(f)

Textbook Question

Prioritize the substituents at each chiral center and then, by comparing them to the models you created in Section 6.3.2, label the absolute configuration as R or S.

(d)

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Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.(d)

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

Alkynes

Numbering the Carbon Chain

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Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.
(d)