Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

Organic Chemistry

5. Chirality

R and S Configuration

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Problem 42b

Textbook Question

Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain that includes the triple bond. This will serve as the parent chain. In this case, the longest chain containing the triple bond has 6 carbons.

Step 2: Number the parent chain starting from the end closest to the triple bond to ensure the lowest possible number for the triple bond. The triple bond starts at carbon 2.

Step 3: Identify and name the substituents attached to the parent chain. Here, there is a cyclopentyl group attached to carbon 3 and a methyl group attached to carbon 5.

Step 4: Combine the names of the substituents with the parent chain name. Use the appropriate locants (numbers) to indicate the positions of the substituents and the triple bond. The parent chain name is 'hex-2-yne' because of the triple bond starting at carbon 2.

Step 5: Write the full IUPAC name by listing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the parent chain name. Ensure proper punctuation and formatting, such as using hyphens to separate numbers and names.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming organic compounds. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, determining the type of functional groups present, and assigning locants to indicate the position of these groups. For alkynes, which contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, the suffix '-yne' is used, and the chain is numbered to give the triple bond the lowest possible number.

Alkynes

Alkynes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n-2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Alkynes can be linear or branched and are typically less stable than alkenes and alkanes due to the high energy of the triple bond. Understanding the structure and reactivity of alkynes is essential for proper nomenclature and chemical behavior.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the context of alkynes, the triple bond itself acts as a functional group, influencing the compound's reactivity and properties. Recognizing functional groups is crucial for naming compounds accurately, as they dictate the suffix and sometimes the prefix used in IUPAC nomenclature.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Given the name, draw the structure of the following compounds.

(b) (4Z,8R)-8-bromo-5-methylnon-4-ene

Textbook Question

Given the name, draw the structure of the following compounds.

(e) (3R,5S)-5-chloro-3-isopropylcycloheptene

Textbook Question

Using IUPAC rules, name the following molecules.

(c)

Textbook Question

Using IUPAC rules, name the following molecules.

(e)

Textbook Question

Complete the structure of each of these so that it matches the (R) or (S) configuration associated with the name.

(d)

Textbook Question

Complete the structure of each of these so that it matches the (R) or (S) configuration associated with the name.

(e)

Textbook Question

Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.

(d)

Textbook Question

In Chapter 12, we introduce the S_N2 reaction, a nucleophilic substitution reaction that proceeds with inversion. Confirm that inversion has occurred in each of the following examples by determining the absolute configuration of the chiral center in the reactants and products.

(a)

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Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.(b)

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

Alkynes

Functional Groups

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Name the following alkynes according to the IUPAC rules of nomenclature.
(b)