Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Cycloalkanes

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6:04 minutes

Problem 16c,d

Textbook Question

Draw the structure and give the molecular formula for each of the following compounds.
c. cyclopropylcyclopentane
d. 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the naming conventions for organic compounds. Cyclopropylcyclopentane consists of a cyclopropyl group attached to a cyclopentane ring. Cyclopropyl is a three-carbon ring, and cyclopentane is a five-carbon ring.

Step 2: Draw the cyclopentane ring first. Cyclopentane is a five-membered ring, so sketch a pentagon to represent this structure.

Step 3: Attach the cyclopropyl group to the cyclopentane ring. Cyclopropyl is a three-membered ring, typically attached to one of the carbon atoms in the cyclopentane ring. Draw a triangle to represent the cyclopropyl group and connect it to the cyclopentane ring.

Step 4: For 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane, start by drawing the cyclohexane ring, which is a six-membered ring. Sketch a hexagon to represent this structure.

Step 5: Add the substituents to the cyclohexane ring. Place the ethyl group (CH₃CH₂-) at the third carbon and two methyl groups (CH₃-) at the first carbon. Ensure the correct placement of these groups according to the IUPAC naming conventions.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They are named based on the number of carbon atoms in the ring, such as cyclopropane (3 carbons) and cyclopentane (5 carbons). Understanding cycloalkanes is crucial for drawing and identifying the structure of compounds like cyclopropylcyclopentane.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic compounds. It involves identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering the carbon atoms, and naming substituents. For example, in 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane, the cyclohexane ring is the main structure, with ethyl and dimethyl groups as substituents at specified positions.

Substituents and Positioning

Substituents are groups attached to the main carbon chain or ring in a molecule. Their position is indicated by numbers, which are assigned based on the lowest possible numbering from the main structure. In 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethylcyclohexane, the ethyl group is at position 3, and the dimethyl groups are at position 1, affecting the molecular structure and formula.