Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

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Multiple Choice

Agarose gels are commonly used in organic chemistry to study DNA fragments. What size range of DNA fragments can be effectively separated using agarose gel electrophoresis?

1 to 100 base pairs

100,000 to 1,000,000 base pairs

10,000 to 100,000 base pairs

100 to 10,000 base pairs

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the principle of agarose gel electrophoresis: It is a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size. DNA molecules are negatively charged and move towards the positive electrode when an electric field is applied.

Consider the pore size of agarose gel: The concentration of agarose in the gel determines the pore size. Higher concentrations result in smaller pores, which are suitable for separating smaller DNA fragments.

Identify the effective size range: Agarose gels are typically used to separate DNA fragments ranging from 100 to 10,000 base pairs. This range is optimal because the gel's pore size allows for effective separation of these sizes.

Compare with other options: The size range of 1 to 100 base pairs is too small for agarose gels, which are better suited for larger fragments. The range of 10,000 to 100,000 base pairs may require different techniques or gel concentrations.

Conclude the effective range: Based on the properties of agarose gel and its common use in laboratories, the effective size range for separation is 100 to 10,000 base pairs.