Ammonia appears in [TABLE 2-2] as both an acid and a conjugate base. d. Show how methanol (CH 3 OH) can serve as both an acid and a base. Write an equation for the reaction of methanol with sulfuric acid.

Hello everyone. Today, we have the following problem. Ethanol can serve as both an acid and a base. Write the equation for the reaction of ethanol with nitric acid and Azan. So as it states, ethanol connect is both a Bronte Lori acid and a base. So a Bronze Lori acid is a structure that donates protons. So does a proton donor. And the other, on the other hand, a Brons Lori base donates protons accepts protons. So it's a proton acceptor. Now drawing out his reactions, we have ethanol reacting with nitric acid. Now, if we were to compare and determine which one is the Bronzy Loic acid and the base, we have to recall that nitric acid is a very, very, very strong acid. So that is going to make it our Bronto LRI acid and our ethanol will be the Branstad Lori base. And so this reaction will essentially result in the following or our alcohol group or the oxygen will accept a proton and the nitric acid will donate protons. Now, four hour second problem we have ethanol reacting with as denied and we need to determine which one is the Bronze Hillary base and the acid. So Azan nine is a very strong base, meaning it is going to be our Bronte Lori base. While our ethanol will be our Bronze Loic acid and the resulting products will be the following. So our alcohol will be depreciated and that azide will accept a proton. And so with that, we have solved the problem overall, I hope this helped. And until next time.

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1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases

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Problem 9d

Textbook Question

Ammonia appears in [TABLE 2-2] as both an acid and a conjugate base.
d. Show how methanol (CH₃OH) can serve as both an acid and a base. Write an equation for the reaction of methanol with sulfuric acid.

Verified step by step guidance

Methanol (CH₃OH) can act as an acid by donating a proton (H⁺) to a base. When methanol donates a proton, it forms the methoxide ion (CH₃O⁻). This is an example of methanol acting as an acid.

Methanol can also act as a base by accepting a proton from an acid. When methanol accepts a proton, it forms the methanol cation (CH₃OH₂⁺). This is an example of methanol acting as a base.

To show methanol acting as an acid, consider its reaction with a strong base like sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The equation would be: CH₃OH + NaOH → CH₃O⁻ + Na⁺ + H₂O.

To show methanol acting as a base, consider its reaction with a strong acid like sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). The equation would be: CH₃OH + H₂SO₄ → CH₃OH₂⁺ + HSO₄⁻.

In the reaction with sulfuric acid, methanol accepts a proton from sulfuric acid, demonstrating its ability to act as a base. This reaction highlights the dual nature of methanol as both an acid and a base.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Acid-Base Duality

Acid-base duality refers to the ability of certain substances to act as both an acid and a base, depending on the reaction context. Methanol (CH3OH) can donate a proton, acting as an acid, or accept a proton, acting as a base. This dual behavior is crucial for understanding methanol's role in chemical reactions, such as its interaction with sulfuric acid.

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

Conjugate acid-base pairs are two species that transform into each other by the gain or loss of a proton. In the table, ammonia (NH3) and ammonium ion (NH4+) are an example, where NH3 acts as a base and NH4+ as its conjugate acid. Understanding these pairs helps in predicting the direction of acid-base reactions and the relative strength of acids and bases.

pKa and Acid Strength

The pKa value is a measure of the acidity of a substance, indicating how easily it donates a proton. Lower pKa values correspond to stronger acids. In the table, methanol has a pKa of 15.9, indicating it is a very weak acid compared to sulfuric acid, which is a strong acid. This concept is essential for predicting the behavior of methanol in acid-base reactions.

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