Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

1. A Review of General Chemistry

Intro to Organic Chemistry

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a frameshift mutation in the context of organic chemistry?

A mutation that changes a single nucleotide base, leading to a different amino acid.

A mutation that involves the duplication of a segment of DNA, increasing the number of copies of a gene.

A mutation that results from the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, altering the reading frame of the genetic sequence.

A mutation that occurs due to the substitution of one nucleotide for another without changing the reading frame.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of a frameshift mutation: In genetics, a frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, which alters the reading frame of the sequence. This can lead to significant changes in the resulting protein.

Identify the impact of frameshift mutations: Since the genetic code is read in sets of three nucleotides (codons), adding or removing nucleotides shifts the grouping of these codons, potentially changing every amino acid downstream from the mutation.

Differentiate frameshift mutations from other types: Unlike point mutations, which involve a single nucleotide change, frameshift mutations affect the entire sequence downstream, often leading to nonfunctional proteins.

Consider the options provided: Evaluate each option based on the definition of frameshift mutation. The correct description involves insertion or deletion of nucleotides, altering the reading frame.

Select the correct answer: Based on the understanding of frameshift mutations, choose the option that describes the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, which is the third option provided.