Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

28. Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides - Forming Cyclic Hemiacetals

Organic Chemistry

28. Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides - Forming Cyclic Hemiacetals

Previous problemNext problem

Struggling with Organic Chemistry?

Join thousands of students who trust us to help them ace their exams!Watch the first video

Multiple Choice

What type of bonds are formed when monosaccharides form cyclic hemiacetals?

Glycosidic bonds

Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds

Covalent bonds

Previous problemNext problem

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the structure of monosaccharides: Monosaccharides are simple sugars that can exist in linear or cyclic forms. The cyclic form is often a result of the reaction between the aldehyde or ketone group and a hydroxyl group within the same molecule.

Identify the functional groups involved: In the formation of cyclic hemiacetals, the aldehyde or ketone group reacts with an alcohol group. This is an intramolecular reaction, meaning it occurs within the same molecule.

Recognize the type of bond formed: When the aldehyde or ketone group reacts with the alcohol group, a new covalent bond is formed. Specifically, this is a single covalent bond between the carbon of the carbonyl group and the oxygen of the hydroxyl group.

Differentiate from other bond types: Glycosidic bonds are formed between monosaccharides to create disaccharides or polysaccharides, not in the formation of cyclic hemiacetals. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons and are typically found in salts, while hydrogen bonds are weak interactions between molecules.

Conclude with the nature of the bond: The formation of cyclic hemiacetals in monosaccharides involves the creation of covalent bonds, which are strong and involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.