Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

34. Nucleic Acids

Intro to Nucleic Acids

Organic Chemistry

34. Nucleic Acids

Intro to Nucleic Acids

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Multiple Choice

During the formation of nucleic acid polymers, what molecule is removed?

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Water

Carbon dioxide

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the process of nucleic acid polymerization: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are polymers made up of nucleotide monomers. The polymerization process involves the formation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.

Identify the type of reaction: The formation of nucleic acid polymers is a condensation reaction, also known as a dehydration synthesis reaction. In this type of reaction, two molecules are joined together with the removal of a small molecule.

Determine the small molecule removed: In dehydration synthesis, the small molecule that is typically removed is water (H₂O). This occurs when the hydroxyl group (OH) from one nucleotide and a hydrogen atom (H) from another nucleotide combine to form water.

Visualize the reaction: Consider the chemical structure of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base. During polymerization, the 3' hydroxyl group of one nucleotide's sugar reacts with the 5' phosphate group of the next nucleotide, releasing water.

Conclude the process: The removal of water facilitates the formation of a covalent bond, specifically a phosphodiester bond, linking the nucleotides together in a growing nucleic acid chain.