Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Carboxylic Acids

Organic Chemistry

22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS

Naming Carboxylic Acids

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4:28 minutes

Problem 27f-i

Textbook Question

Draw the structures of the following compounds.
(f) salicylic acid
(g) zinc undecanoate (athlete's-foot powder)
(h) sodium benzoate (a food preservative)
(i) sodium fluoroacetate (Compound 1080, a controversial coyote poison)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the structure of salicylic acid. Salicylic acid is a benzene ring with two functional groups: a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the ortho position (position 2) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at position 1. Draw the benzene ring and add these substituents accordingly.

Step 2: For zinc undecanoate, recognize that it is a salt formed from zinc and the carboxylate anion of undecanoic acid. Undecanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with an 11-carbon chain. Replace the hydrogen of the carboxylic acid group with zinc, and note that zinc typically forms a coordination complex with two carboxylate groups.

Step 3: Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid. Start with the structure of benzoic acid, which is a benzene ring with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at position 1. Replace the hydrogen of the carboxylic acid group with a sodium ion (Na⁺).

Step 4: Sodium fluoroacetate is a compound where a fluorine atom is attached to the second carbon of acetic acid. Begin with the structure of acetic acid (CH₃COOH), replace one hydrogen atom on the methyl group (CH₃) with a fluorine atom, and then replace the hydrogen of the carboxylic acid group with a sodium ion (Na⁺).

Step 5: Verify each structure by ensuring that the functional groups and substituents are correctly placed and that the valency of each atom is satisfied. This step ensures the accuracy of the drawn structures.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Understanding functional groups, such as carboxylic acids in salicylic acid or esters in zinc undecanoate, is essential for predicting the behavior and properties of organic compounds.

Structural Representation

Structural representation refers to the way in which the arrangement of atoms in a molecule is depicted. This can include Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal structures. Accurately drawing these representations is crucial for visualizing molecular geometry and understanding reactivity.

Ionic Compounds and Solubility

Ionic compounds, such as sodium benzoate and sodium fluoroacetate, consist of positively and negatively charged ions. Their solubility in water and other solvents is influenced by their ionic nature, which is important for understanding their applications, such as in food preservation or as pesticides.

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