Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

2. Molecular Representations

Functional Groups

Organic Chemistry

2. Molecular Representations

Functional Groups

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Multiple Choice

What type of chemical bond typically joins a functional group to the carbon skeleton of a large organic molecule?

Hydrogen bond

Covalent bond

Ionic bond

Metallic bond

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of chemical bonds: Chemical bonds are the forces that hold atoms together in molecules. The main types of chemical bonds are covalent, ionic, hydrogen, and metallic bonds.

Identify the characteristics of covalent bonds: Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. This type of bond is common in organic molecules, where atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell.

Consider the structure of organic molecules: Organic molecules typically consist of a carbon skeleton with various functional groups attached. These functional groups are specific groups of atoms that impart certain chemical properties to the molecule.

Determine how functional groups attach to the carbon skeleton: In organic chemistry, functional groups are usually attached to the carbon skeleton through covalent bonds. This allows for stable and specific interactions between the carbon atoms and the functional groups.

Review why other bond types are less suitable: Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons and are more common in inorganic compounds. Hydrogen bonds are weaker and typically occur between molecules rather than within them. Metallic bonds are characteristic of metals and are not relevant to organic molecules.