Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Preparation of Organometallics

Organic Chemistry

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Preparation of Organometallics

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Problem 6a

Textbook Question

Predict the product that would form when a Grignard reagent is prepared in the presence of deuterated water.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of a Grignard reagent: A Grignard reagent is typically an organomagnesium compound with the general formula RMgX, where R is an organic group and X is a halogen. It is highly reactive and acts as a nucleophile.

Recognize the role of deuterated water: Deuterated water (D₂O) is water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced with deuterium, a heavier isotope of hydrogen. It is often used in reactions to trace the incorporation of deuterium into organic molecules.

Consider the reactivity of Grignard reagents with water: Grignard reagents are very sensitive to moisture and react with water to form hydrocarbons. In the presence of deuterated water, the Grignard reagent will react to replace the magnesium halide with a deuterium atom.

Predict the product formation: When a Grignard reagent reacts with deuterated water, the organic group (R) will be protonated by the deuterium from D₂O, resulting in the formation of a deuterated hydrocarbon (R-D).

Write the chemical equation: Represent the reaction using a chemical equation. For example, if the Grignard reagent is CH₃MgBr, the reaction with D₂O will yield CH₃D and Mg(OD)Br. Use MathML to encode the chemical equation:

{CH}_{3} MgBr + D_{2} O \to {CH}_{3} D + {Mg}_{OD} Br

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Grignard Reagent

A Grignard reagent is an organomagnesium compound typically represented as RMgX, where R is an organic group and X is a halogen. It is highly reactive and used in organic synthesis to form carbon-carbon bonds. Grignard reagents are sensitive to moisture and react with water to form hydrocarbons.

Deuterated Water

Deuterated water (D2O) is water in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced with deuterium, a heavier isotope of hydrogen. In chemical reactions, deuterium can replace hydrogen in organic compounds, allowing for isotopic labeling and tracking of reaction pathways. It behaves similarly to regular water but with distinct isotopic properties.

Reaction Mechanism

The reaction mechanism involves the interaction between the Grignard reagent and deuterated water. Grignard reagents react with water to form hydrocarbons, replacing the magnesium halide with a hydrogen atom. In the presence of deuterated water, the hydrogen atom is replaced by deuterium, resulting in the formation of a deuterated hydrocarbon.

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