Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

Organic Chemistry

3. Acids and Bases

Organic Chemistry Reactions

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Multiple Choice

What is the enzyme used to anneal the sticky ends of a plasmid to an inserted gene in a cloning reaction?

DNA ligase

RNA polymerase

Helicase

Restriction endonuclease

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: In molecular cloning, the goal is to insert a gene of interest into a plasmid vector. This involves cutting both the plasmid and the gene with the same restriction enzyme to create compatible sticky ends.

Identify the role of sticky ends: Sticky ends are overhanging sequences of single-stranded DNA that are complementary to each other, allowing the gene and plasmid to align and pair up.

Recognize the need for an enzyme: After the sticky ends of the plasmid and the gene have paired, an enzyme is required to form phosphodiester bonds between the sugar-phosphate backbones of the DNA strands, thus sealing the nicks and creating a continuous DNA molecule.

Identify the correct enzyme: DNA ligase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides, effectively 'gluing' the DNA fragments together.

Differentiate from other enzymes: RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template, helicase unwinds DNA strands, and restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific sequences. None of these enzymes are involved in the ligation process of annealing sticky ends.